Developing a pre-competition anxiety scale for football players in the premier clubs of the Kurdistan Region - Iraq

April 2026 , Pages 1339-1354

Authors

Niaz Ali Mahmoud 1 ; Asst. Prof .Dr. Diyar Kamal Asaad 1

1 University of Sulaimani - College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences

DOI logo 10.17656/jzsb.12238

Keywords

Abstract

The research aims to build a pre-competition anxiety scale for football players in Iraqi clubs. The research population was identified as football players in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, numbering (286) players, including (175) players as the construction sample, after excluding those who participated in the exploratory experiment, numbering (30) players. The researchers used the descriptive approach with a survey method, and the researchers reached a number of conclusions and recommendations.

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  • Published at11 April 2026

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