,Issue 3 ,November 2026 ,Pages 200-214 , Received :3 November 2026
L. Dr. Kosar Saeed Ghafoor Ahmed
The right to education is one of the fundamental human rights enshrined in international instruments as a cornerstone for achieving sustainable development and promoting human dignity. Inclusive, equitable, and quality education constitutes the foundation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This study aims to examine states’ legal obligations to guarantee the right to education for children and youth within the framework of international human rights law. It analyzes relevant international legal instruments such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), and the ILO Convention on the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour (1999), among others. The research focuses on the extent to which states comply with these obligations, considering development disparities, armed conflicts, and digital transformations that influence access to education. It also explores the right to education as a means of empowerment for youth, enabling equitable access to employment, innovation, and active civic participation. The study adopts an analytical and comparative legal approach, examining international legal texts and national practices to identify institutional and legal gaps hindering the effective realization of this right. The findings underscore that the enhancement of the right to education requires an integrated approach combining national legislation, international accountability, and inclusive educational policies.
combining national legislation, international accountability, and inclusive educational policies. This synergy ensures that education becomes a genuine driver for sustainable development and social justice for future generations.