Spatial differences in flood risk in Gapilon Valley watershed using HEC-1 - WMS model

Volume 1 , Issue 2 , March 2025 , Pages 197-220

Authors

د.هاودین کامل علی علی 1

1 جامعة السليمانية، كلية العلوم الإنسانية، قسم الجغرافيا.

DOI logo 10.17656/jzsb.11699

Keywords

Abstract

The Gapilon Valley basin is located in the northeast of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region and Sulaimani Province and between the two circles of latitude (35O 43- 30= – 35O 56- 45=) of the north and the two lines of longitude (45O 13- 32= – 45O 25- 08=) of the east with an area of (166.18km2). In this study, the level of flood risk in the Gapilon Valley basin was analysed and evaluated in terms of quantity and occurance ways of flood risk, water runoff and flood hydrographic slope in the watersheds of the study area through (HEC-1 – WMS) model. Based on several criteria and natural variables, such as slope, soil type, altitude, land usage type, vegetation cover, the highest amount of rainfall within (24 hours), the shape and area of water bodies, using several equations and with the help of (GIS) and (RS). The research used spatial analysis and quantitative analysis. This study found that (53%) of the area that was covered in the study is at high flood risk. However, there are spatial differences in the level of risk of flooding in aquifers. The aquifers (Maluma-Chukhmakh, Balkh, Walaghloo, and Khrai Boobi) have an average time of concentration of less than one hour, which is shorter and more dangerous for flood hazard than the aquifer (Kani Mew), which has an average concentration time of more than one hour. Total annual volume of Drainage from all basins in the study area is (7412590.8 m3). Finally, the study identified the most suitable location for the construction of several dams, ponds and rock barriers, in order to reduce the risk of flooding and harvesting the water of the basins. The study considers the construction of flood walls and the removal of residential areas and projects on the main valleys of the region's basins to protect them from the effects and dangers of floods.

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  • First online1 March 2025
  • Published at1 March 2025

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