Geopolitics of the Kurdish Nation at the Paris Peace Conference (1919 _ 1920) (A Study in Political Geography)

Volume 1 , Issue 2 , March 2025 , Pages 33-62

Authors

ا.د. فواد حمه‌خورشید مصطفی مصطفی 1 ; م.م. اکو احمد کریم کریم 1

1 كلية العلوم الإنسانية، قسم الجغرافيا، جامعة السليمانية

DOI logo 10.17656/jzsb.11706

Keywords

Abstract

After the end of World War I, the victorious countries, known as the Allies, met in Paris in 1919-1920 to deal with the postwar world and impose punishment on the losers and the distribution of rights and achievements. Although about 30 different nations participated, the representatives of Britain, France, the United States and Italy, known as the Big Four, had full authority over the congress. Although the Kurds were not officially represented in the Paris Peace Conference as an organization, Sharif Pasha participated as a key Kurdish figure and had some influence where he focused on the Kurdish self-determination right, especially after the support and the 14-point declaration of the US President Woodrow Wilson's to the nations under the Ottoman Empire that they should be provided with a peaceful life, free from danger and a reasonable opportunity for independence. The Kurdish people's demands in the Treaty of Sevres were established in terms )62, 63, 64), in which the governments of Britain, France and Italy agreed to form a committee in order to prepare a project of autonomy for the majority kurdish inhabited areas located in the east of the Euphrates, southern of the Armenian border and north of the Syrian-Mesopotamian border. The Turkish government must also agree to the decision within three months of receiving it, if the Kurdish people in these areas submit a request to the League of Nations and it turns out that the majority of the population are in favor of independence, Turkey must agree to that decision and give up all rights in those areas. This changed the balance of power around Kurdistan, no such committee was formed and the interests and attitudes of states towards the Kurds changed. This prevented the Treaty of Sevres from being implemented.

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  • First online1 March 2025
  • Published at1 March 2025

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