Volume 21 , Issue 2 , November 2020 , Pages 279-294
1 ١ الجامعة السلیمانیة/ کلیة العلوم الآنسانیة، قسم التآریخ
As a result of conflicts between Muslims, The Umayyad Caliphate was born. For instance, the
dispute between Umayyad dynasty and Ali ibn Abi Talib. Umayyad family reckoned that caliphate
and authority have to pass down power within their family. For this purpose they fell in war and
conflict with others including Ali ibn abitalib and some other groups that all of them believe caliphate
rights return to themselves. Also, they had different idea about caliphate. This research includes two
sections. The first section was dedicated to pledge to Othman calipha, average of Othman blood and
sanctification of the caliphate. The second section was dedicated to violence and methods of
repression.